基于全景成像技术的水平孔电子岩心获取与解译
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中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所

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中国地质调查项目“西部地区复杂地层绿色钻探技术支撑”(编号:DD20240123);国家科技重大专项课题“反循环钻探取样测试一体化技术与装备研发”(编号:2024ZD1003101)


Acquisition and interpretation of horizontal hole electronic Cores based on panoramic imaging technology
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Institute of Exploration Technology,CAGS,Chengdu Sichuan

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    摘要:

    塔什达坂北锂矿区位于昆仑—阿尔金山脉,矿区地质构造复杂,高寒深切割地区,地形落差大,钻探设备搬迁困难。该矿区矿层产状陡倾,为贯彻落实“绿色勘查”理念,钻探施工主要采用水平和近水平定向孔,减少设备搬迁,保护生态环境。为克服取心钻探过程中因地层破碎、取心不连续、岩心编录时人为差异等原因导致钻取的岩心无法准确获取地层产状、裂隙宽度、软弱夹层等地层信息的问题,采用自主研制的多参数全方位无缆测井系统对水平孔进行钻孔全景成像,攻克了水平孔全景成像地层结构面计算方法,采用无缆存储和钻杆推送的方法,克服了测试仪器在水平深孔中无法下放的问题。在下放过程中获取钻孔孔壁高清、连续、完整、原状的照片,通过图像处理技术形成“电子岩心”,从中可以清晰直观地获取到地层岩性、裂隙、软弱夹层、岩溶和岩层厚度等信息,准确测算出地层结构面参数,实现了精细勘查,提高了钻探施工质量,有效支撑了找矿突破数字化转型。

    Abstract:

    The Tashdaban North Lithium Mining Area, located in the Kunlun-Altun Mountains, features complex geological structures and a high-altitude deeply incised terrain with dramatic elevation changes, posing significant challenges for drilling equipment relocation. Given the steeply dipping occurrence of ore layers in this region, horizontal and near-horizontal directional drilling techniques have been prioritized to align with the "green exploration" principle, effectively minimizing equipment relocation while preserving the ecological environment. To resolve critical issues in core drilling – including discontinuous coring in fractured strata, human errors during core logging, and consequent inaccuracies in acquiring key geological parameters such as formation dip, fracture width, and weak intercalations – the independently developed multi-parameter wireless logging system has been implemented. This innovative system achieves dual technological breakthroughs: establishing a computational methodology for structural plane imaging in horizontal borehole panoramas, and integrating wireless data storage with drill-pipe conveyance technology to overcome instrument deployment limitations in deep horizontal holes. By capturing high-resolution, continuous borehole wall images during operations, the system generates "digital cores" through advanced image processing, enabling direct visualization of lithology, fracture networks, weak interlayers, karst features, and stratum thickness. These capabilities facilitate precise quantification of Stratigraphic structural plane parameters, thereby advancing geological refinement, optimizing drilling quality, and driving digital transformation in mineral exploration. The technology improves data accuracy while reducing environmental footprint, exemplifying a paradigm of eco-conscious technological innovation in complex mining environments.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-07
  • 最后修改日期:2025-05-16
  • 录用日期:2025-05-19
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