Abstract: With the continued advancement of geological exploration and resource development into deeper and more complex formations, there has been a significant increase in the proportion of hard, dense, fractured, and collapse-prone strata, along with a rising frequency of complex wellbore construction. These trends place higher demands on drilling efficiency, borehole stability, and cost control. Against this backdrop, vibration and percussive drilling technologies—by virtue of their distinct rock-breaking mechanisms and vibration-induced drag reduction capabilities—have emerged as key solutions for overcoming drilling challenges in complex formations. Percussive drilling employs high-frequency impacts to fracture hard rock and enhance penetration rates, Compared with conventional rotary drilling, the efficiency is significantly improved.；Vibration-assisted drilling reduces friction between the drill tool and borehole wall by introducing axial or torsional vibrations, thereby improving cuttings removal and borehole stability. These techniques have attracted widespread attention in mineral exploration and energy development. This paper focuses on the research of hydraulic impactors, electric impactors, hydraulic oscillators, and sonic drill rigs from the perspectives of power system integration methods, drill tool structures, and impact energy transfer mechanisms. It systematically sorts out the research and development progress of key rate-enhancement technologies such as percussive rotary drilling and hydraulic vibration drag reduction,?aiming to provide theoretical support and engineering reference for efficient drilling in complex geological environments.